This research project aims to understand 1) the economics of THR products on consumer behavior through discrete choice experiments; 2) relative contribution of THR products on human health and lives using Mendez-Warner model (2021); and 3) expanding research capacity of benefit-cost analysis on relative advantages of novel tobacco products such as vaping/e-cigarettes in Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Nepal remains a Least Developed Country, and livelihoods in rural areas (where most of its poverty is located) face unprecedented challenges from climate change. Climate change affects rural livelihoods in a range of ways, and livelihoods are increasingly vulnerable and precarious. For livelihood resilience and poverty alleviation it is increasingly important to understand how impacts can be mitigated.